facts about mars mission

1.    India's first mission to Mars, if successful, will place the country in an exclusive club of nations capable of sending probes to the Red Planet.

2.    The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) launched the Mars orbiter mission at 2.38 pm (IST) from a pad at the agency's Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, about 80 km from Chennai.

3.    The Rs 450-crore ($73.5 million) Mars mission will send the Mangalyaan spacecraft (the name is Hindi for "Mars Craft") on an 11-month trek to Mars to study the planet's atmosphere and surface from orbit. 

4.    PSLV C-25 will put Mangalyaan weighing 1,340 kilograms in the earth orbit. To reach Mars, the spacecraft has to enter three phases, the earth centered phase, the helio centric phase and finally the Martian phase.

5.    The spacecraft carries five instruments to study Mars, but its primary purpose is to serve as a technology demonstrator for future Indian interplanetary probes, ISRO officials have said.

6.    It has been configured to carry out observations of the physical features of the Mars and also to carry out a limited study of the Martian atmosphere.

7.    According to reports, Mangalyaan, the first inter-planatory mission to the red planet is primarily a technological machine.

8.    "Orbiting Mars itself is a challenge," said ISRO chairman K. Radhakrishnan, according to the Times of India. "This is our first interplanetary mission. There will be bigger missions later." Mangalyaan will be 365 km away from the surface of Mars at its nearest point from the planet.

9.    The risks for the mission are high. It's tough to reach Mars with spacecraft, and more than half of the 40 missions launched to the Red Planet since 1960 have failed.

10.    The mission was initially slated to launch on Oct. 28, but was pushed back when bad weather delayed the ships that will track the spacecraft after it separates from its rocket, ISRO officials said.

 This content is taken from various newspaper and yahoo website.

whooo......makes your day!!!

and no-one knows why..???!!!

mystery of the known....!!!

Mars Missions

Active missions at M

	2

The exploration of Mars has taken place over hundreds of years, beginning in earnest with the invention and development of the telescope during the 1600s. Increasingly detailed views of the planet from Earth inspired speculation about its environment and possible life – even intelligent civilizations – that might be found there. Probes sent from Earth beginning in the late 20th century have yielded a dramatic increase in knowledge about the Martian system, focused primarily on understanding its geology and possible habitability potential.

Engineering interplanetary journeys is very complicated, so the exploration of Mars has experienced a high failure rate, especially in earlier attempts. Roughly two-thirds of all spacecraft destined for Mars failed before completing their missions, and there are some that failed before their observations could begin. However, missions have also met with unexpected levels of success, such as the twin Mars Exploration Rovers operating for years beyond their original mission specifications.

Since 6 August 2012, there have been two scientific rovers on the surface of Mars beaming signals back to Earth (Opportunity, and Curiosity of the Mars Science Laboratory mission), and three orbiters currently surveying the planet: Mars Odyssey, Mars Express, and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

To date, no sample return missions have been attempted for Mars, and one attempted return mission for Mars' moon Phobos (Fobos-Grunt) has failed.

The Unanswerable Quiz

1. Which two countries had a war in space and technology?
2. Who won the war among those two countries?
3.  When was  ISRO established?
4.  Which was the first satellite launched?
5.  Who was  the  first man on moon?




ANSWERS:
1. USA and Russia
2. USA
3. 1962
4. Sputnik 1
5. Neil Armstrong

who ha sever seen a gaint hurricane on saturn!!!???

Quiz

1) Which was Earth's first satellite?

2) Which was the first satellite that landed on the moon?

3) Which was the first animal that went on space?

4) Who was the first human to enter the ' starry black yonder' ?

5) Who was the first women to go on space ?

6) Which of  the countries went  to  Venus when there was an competition between United States & Soviet union?

7) Who delivered the first artificial object on the martian surface ?

8) Which mission was the first successful mercury flyby ?

9) Which was the first successful Jupiter flyby program ?

10) Which space program carried out its mission to slam head-on into a soaring comet on July 4, 2005?

                                              Answers 

Ans 1: Sputnik 1

Ans 2: Luna 2

Ans 3:  Laika , the dog

Ans 4: Yuri Gagarin

Ans 5: Valentina Tereshkova

Ans 6: Soviet Union 

Ans 7: Soviet Union 

Ans 8: Mariner 10

Ans 9: Pioneer

Ans 10 : Deep Impact 

how are satellites launched??????

Other than sun and planets we also have satellites which orbit different planets.this is video how satellites are launched. Hope you will like it.

The Golden Record

Pioneers 10 and 11, which preceded Voyager, both carried small metal plaques identifying their time and place of origin for the benefit of any other spacefarers that might find them in the distant future. Then later, NASA placed a more ambitious message aboard Voyager 1 and 2 - a kind of time capsule, intended to communicate a story of or world to extraterrestials. The Voyager message is carried by a phonograph record - a 12-inch gold-plated copper disk containing sounds
and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture of Earth.

The Golden Record contains 115 images and a variety of natural sounds such as those made by surf, wind, thunder, birds, whales and other animals. There are also music pieces from different culture and eras, and spoken greetings from Earth-people in 55 languages. each record is encased in a protective aluminium jacket, together with a cartridge and needle. Instructions in symbolic language, explain the origin of the spacecraft and indicate how the record is to be played. The 155 images are encoded in analog form. The remainder of the record is in audio. It contains the spoken greetings, beginning with Akkadian, which was spoken in Sumer 6000 years ago and ends in Wu, a modern Chinese dialect. Then there is a 90-minute selection of music, which includes eastern, western and ethnic classics.

Once the voyager spacecraft leave the solar system, they will find themselves in empty space. It will be 40,000 years before they make close contact to any planetary system. As Carl Sagan has noted, "The spacecraft will be encountered and the record played only if there are advanced spacefaring civilizations in interstellar space. But the launching of this bottle into the cosmic ocean says something very hopeful about life on this planet."

Go to this link to hear all the greetings recorded in the golden record
voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/greetings.html

Go to this link to hear the sounds recorded in the golden record
voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/sounds.html

Voyager Time Line

1977              Mariner Jupiter/Saturn 1977 is renamed Voyager

1977 Aug 20  Voyager 2 launched from Kennedy Space Flight Center.

1977 Sep 05  Voyager 1 launched from Kennedy Space Flight Center.

                      Voyager 1 returns first spacecraft photo of earth and moon.

1979 Mar 05 Voyager 1 makes its closest approach to Jupiter.

1979 Jul 09   Voyager 2  makes its closest approach to Jupiter.

1980 Nov 12 Voyager 1 flies by Saturn.

                      Voyager 1 begins its trip out of the solar system.

1981 Aug 25  Voyager 2 flies by Saturn.

1986 Jan 24   Voyager 2 has the first encounter with Uranus.

1988              Voyager 2 returns first color images of Neptune.

1989 Aug 25  Voyager 2 is the first space craft to observe Neptune.

1990 Jan 01   Begins Voyager interstellar mission.

1990 Feb 14  Last Voyager images-Portrait of Solar system.

1998 Feb 17  Voyager 1 becomes the most distant human-made object in space,

2012 Aug 25  Voyager 1 enters interstellar space.

                                              

Voyager Interstellar Mission

To learn more about our solar system and beyond, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) launched two unmanned probes, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2. Their primary mission was the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn. After reaching there and making a string of discoveries - such as the active volcanoes on Io (Jupiter's moon) and the patterns and composition of Saturn's rings - the mission was extended. Voyager 2 went on to explore Uranus and Neptune. It discovered the other moons of the planets and is still the only spacecraft to have visited those outer planets. The current mission (The Voyager Interstellar Mission), will explore the outermost edge of the Solar System and beyond.

The mission objective is to extend exploration of the Solar System beyond the outer planets to the outermost limit of the Sun's influence and possibly beyond. The extended mission is to study and observe the outer solar system environment and to search for the heliopause, the outer limits of the Sun's magnetic field. Reaching here will allow various  measurements to be made of interstellar fields, particles  and waves.

If the Voyager 2 happens to pass even the heliopause, it is estimated that in 40,000 years, Voyager 2 will pass 1.7 light years (9.7 million miles) from the star Ross 248 and in about 296,000 years, it will pass 4.3 light years (25 trillion miles) from Sirius, the brightest star in the sky. The Voyagers are destined - perhaps eternally - to wander the milky way.

Facts about the sun

Sun

 

The Sun or Sol, is the star at the center of our solar system and is responsible for the Earth’s climate and weather. The Sun is an almost perfect sphere with a difference of just 10km in diameter between the poles and the equator. The average radius of the Sun is 695,508 km (109.2 x that of the Earth) of which 20–25% is the core.

Star Profile

Age: 4.6 Billion Years
Type: Yellow Dwarf (G2V)
Diameter: 1,392,684 km
Circumference at Equator: 4,370,005.6 km
Mass: 1,989,100,000,000,000,000,000 billion kg (333,060 x Earth)
Surface Temperature: 5500 °C

Size of the Sun

Facts about the Sun

One million Earths could fit inside the Sun:
If a hollow Sun was filled up with spherical Earths then around 960,000 would fit inside. On the other hand if these Earths were squished inside with no wasted space then around 1,300,000 would fit inside. The Suns surface area is 11,990 times that of the Earth’s.
Eventually, the Sun will consume the Earth:
When all the Hydrogen has been burned, the Sun will continue for about 130 million more years, burning Helium, during which time it will expand to the point that it will engulf Mercury and Venus and the Earth. At this stage it will have become a red giant
The Sun will one day be about the size of Earth:
After its red giant phase, the Sun will collapse, retaining its enormous mass, but containing the approximate volume of our planet. When this happens, it will be called a white dwarf.
The Sun contains 99.86% of the mass in the Solar System:
The mass of the Sun is approximately 330,000 times greater than that of Earth. It is almost three quarters Hydrogen, whilst most of the remaining mass is Helium.
The Sun is an almost perfect sphere:
There is only a 10 kilometer difference in its polar diameter compared to its equatorial diameter. Considering the vast expanse of the Sun, this means it is the closest thing to a perfect sphere that has been observed in nature.
Light from the Sun takes eight minutes to reach Earth:
With a mean average distance of 150 million kilometers from Earth and with light travelling at 300,000 kilometers per second, dividing one by the other gives us an approximate time of 500 seconds, or eight minutes and 20 seconds. Although this energy reaches Earth in a few minutes, it will already have taken millions of years to travel from the Sun’s core to its surface.
The Sun travels at 220 kilometers per second:
The Sun is 24,000-26,000 light years from the galactic center and it takes the Sun 225-250 million years to complete an orbit of the center of the Milky Way.
The distance from the Sun to Earth changes throughout the year:
Because the Earth travels on an elliptical orbit around the Sun, the distance between the two bodies varies from 147 to 152 million kilometers. The distance between the Earth and the Sun is called an Astronomical Unit (AU).
The Sun is middle-aged:
At around 4.5 billion years old, the Sun has already burned off about half of its store of Hydrogen. It has enough left to continue to burn Hydrogen for approximately another 5 billion years. The Sun is currently a type of star known as a Yellow Dwarf
The Sun has a very strong magnetic field:
Solar flares occur when magnetic energy is released by the Sun during magnetic storms, which we see as sunspots. In sunspots, the magnetic lines are twisted and they spin, much like a tornado would on Earth.
The temperature inside the Sun can reach 15 million degrees Celsius:
At the Sun’s core, energy is generated by nuclear fusion, as Hydrogen converts to Helium. Because hot objects generally expand, the Sun would explode like a giant bomb if it weren’t for its enormous gravitational force.
The Sun generates solar wind:
This is a stream of charged particles, which travels through the Solar System at approximately 450 kilometers per second. Solar wind occurs where the magnetic field of the Sun extends into space instead of following its surface.

Satellites

Name  Distance from Sun  Type
Mercury  57,909,227 km (0.39 AU)  Planet
Venus  108,209,475 km (0.73 AU) Planet
Earth  149,598,262 km (1 AU)  Planet
Mars  227,943,824 km (1.38 AU) Planet
Ceres  413,700,000 km (2.77 AU) Dwarf Planet
Jupiter  778,340,821 km (5.20 AU) Planet
Saturn  1,426,666,422 km (9.58 AU) Planet
Uranus  2,870,658,186 km (19.22 AU) Planet
Neptune  4,498,396,441 km (30.10 AU) Planet
Pluto  5,874,000,000 km (39.26 AU) Dwarf Planet
Haumea  6,452,000,000 km (43.13 AU) Dwarf Planet
Makemake 6,850,000,000 km (45.79 AU) Dwarf Planet
Eris  10,120,000,000 km (68.01 AU) Dwarf Planet

Black Holes

Black Holes

A black hole is a region of space time from which gravity prevents anything, including light, from escaping. Around a black hole, there is a mathematically defined surface called an event horizon that marks the point of no return. The hole is called "black" because it absorbs all the light that hits the horizon, reflecting nothing, just like a perfect black body in thermodynamics.
Objects whose gravity fields are too strong for light to escape were first considered in the 18th century by John Mitchell and Pierre-Simon Laplace. The first modern solution of general relativity that would characterize a black hole was found by Karl Schwarzschild in 1916, although its interpretation as a region of space from which nothing can escape was first published by David Finkelstein in 1958.
Despite its invisible interior, the presence of a black hole can be inferred through its interaction with other matter and with electromagnetic radiation such as light. Matter falling onto a black hole can form an accretion disk heated by friction, forming some of the brightest objects in the universe.

Class	Mass	Size
Supermassive black hole	~105–1010 MSun	~0.001–400 AU
Intermediate-mass black hole	~103 MSun	~103 km ≈ REarth
Stellar black hole	~10 MSun	~30 km
Micro black hole	up to ~MMoon	up to ~0.1 mm



quiz

1. What is the closest planet to the Sun?
2. What is the name of the 2nd biggest planet in our solar system?
3. What is the hottest planet in our solar system?
4. What planet is famous for its big red spot on it?
5. What planet is famous for the beautiful rings that surround it?
6. Can humans breathe normally in space as they can on Earth?
7.Have human beings ever set foot on Mars?
8.What is the name of NASA’s most famous space telescope?
9.What is the name of the first satellite sent into space?
10.Ganymede is a moon of which planet?
11.What is the name of Saturn’s largest moon?
12.Olympus Moons is a large volcanic mountain on which planet?
13.Is the planet Neptune bigger than Earth?


if you know the answers you can post the answers as a comment

This is a video based on a recent experiment with water in zero gravity by NASA 

space is just cool

Space is awesome. There’s no arguing that. But all of the really cool stuff is way out there—beyond the edges our solar system—in deep space. In fact, our solar system is pretty lousy. Everyone learns about it in first grade: You’ve got nine planets (or eight since Pluto got the boot), a few boring moons flying around them, the Sun, and that’s pretty much it—right? Actually, space has more wonders than you could possibly imagine, and some of them are right in our backyard.

The Asteroid With Its Own Moon

Logic would dictate that anything smaller than a planet doesn’t have the gravitational pull to hold onto a moon, but thats not always the case. Enter243 Ida, an asteroid that’s only 30 kilometers (19 mi) across when you measure it the longest possible way. Ida has a tiny, 1.6-kilometer (1 mi) moon orbiting it (Dactyl). It’s the first binary system of asteroids that we found and the only one we’ve done a close enough flyby of to get clear pictures, but we’ve since discovered over a dozen binary asteroids.

Pluto Isn’t Anything Like We Thought

Despite how long we’ve known Pluto existed, we know surprisingly littleabout the dwarf planet. For example, that photo up there? That’s the clearest image of Pluto we have, and even that is cobbled together from several shots.

This is because space is big—staggeringly, stupid, crazy big. At its absolute closest, Pluto is 4.2 billion kilometers (2.6 billion miles) away, which is a number so big that our brains don’t really know what it means. The most powerful telescopes we have only give us a grainy, out-of-focus image at that enormous of a distance.

But these images are sharp enough to tell us that Pluto is nothing like we first imagined: a boring hunk of rock. It’s surface is a carbon-rich mixture of white, black, and dark orange, and we’ve observed the poles lightening and darkening over time. Our best guess at present is that these are seasonal changes, spurred on by the distant sun that sublimates surface methane and flings it into the atmosphere (yeah, it has one of those, too).

Saturn’s Enormous Ring

The one thing everyone thinks of when Saturn is mentioned is its vast array of rings. And while it’s certainly not the only planet with a ring system, they’re definitely the most spectacular example. What we didn’t know until recently is that Saturn’s ring system extends much farther than we first thought.

The ring, made of dust and ice, has eluded discovery for so long because it’s almost invisible, and if you don’t look at it in infrared, it’s easy to miss. Thesheer size of the ring is hard to visualize—it begins 6 million kilometers (3.7 million miles) from Saturn and extends all the way out to 12 billion kilometers (7.5 billion miles). It’s 20 times as thick as the planet’s height, and Saturn isn’t small. You’d have to use one billion Earths to fill the space the ring takes up.

Space

There are so many awesome things in our solar system that we often forget how empty it really is. They call it “space” for a reason. That’s what it mostly is: empty space. (That’s an image of the Earth and the Moon up there—just look at all that room.)

The Sun itself is 99.8 percent of all the mass in the solar system. Logically, that means that everything else—the enormous gas giants; every asteroid, comet, and meteoroid; and smaller planets like Earth—comprise only 0.2 percent of the matter, most of which is Jupiter.

The Sun itself, which is so large that its volume is 600 times greater than everything in the solar system combined, is less than one-trillionth of a percent of the entire solar system’s volume. There’s so much empty space in our solar system that it’s impossible for the human mind to truly grasp it.

MOONWALK(neil armstrong walking on moon)

well guys you all must be knowing about NASA mission Apollo 11.Enjoy this original footage of the NASA Apollo 11 moon landing on July 20, 1969. This moment started a new era for space exploration and is remembered through Neil Armstrong’s famous words “one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”.

The moon landing video features clips of Neil Armstrong, the American flag and the desolate Moon landscape.

space facts!!!!!!

                                            SPACE FACTS

• The Sun is over 300000 times larger than earth.

• Halley’s Comet was last seen in the inner Solar System in 1986, it will be visible again from Earth sometime in 2061 (get your camera ready).

• The Solar System formed around 4.6 billion years ago. 

• The Moon appears to have more craters and scars than Earth because it has a lot less natural activity going on, the Earth is constantly reforming its surface through earthquakes, erosion, rain, wind and plants growing on the surface, while the moon has very little weather to alter its appearance. 

• Saturn isn't the only ringed planet, other gas giants such as Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune also have rings, they are just less obvious.

• Footprints and Tyre tracks left behind by astronauts on the moon will stay there forever as there is no wind to blow them away.
• In 2006, astronomers changed the definition of a planet. This means that Pluto is now referred to as a dwarf planet. 

• Because of lower gravity, a person who weighs 200 pounds on earth would only weigh 76 pounds on the surface of Mars.

• The only planet that rotates on its side like a barrel is Uranus. The only planet that spins backwards relative to the others is Venus.

• Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system with a surface temperature of over 450 degrees  Celsius.
• Many scientists believe that an asteroid impact caused the extinction of the dinosaurs around 65 million years ago. 

space and stuff.!!!!

Dear All,

Please watch this video.It is about sunitha williams' 6 months journey.Enjoy with her in space.it is both eductional and fun.

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqAXYNL32B8

more fun facts will be uploaded.......'factism'!!!

thank you.

yuktha